Improvement in churns



- vtransverse and vertical section, of it.

y is a top View, and Fig. 4ab0ttomv1ew, of the .y freely up and downonthem.

UNITED STATES VPATENT OFFICE. i

JONATIIAN PAEKEE, or` BIDDEEORD, MAINE.

IMPROVEMENT IN CHURNS.

i Specilication forming part of Letters Patent No. `35,5410, dated June`10, 1862.

Tp all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1l, JONATHAN PARKER,` a citizen of theUnited States ofAmerica, and a resident of Biddeford,in the county of York and State ofMaine, have invented anImproved Ghurn; and I do hereby declare the sameto be fully described in the following specification, and represented inthe accompa` nying drawings, of which-- Figure 1 is a side elevation,and Fig.`2 a Fig. 3

dasher.` Fig. 5 is a transverse section through one of thedasher-openings. p

My inventionhas reference to the construc tion and operation ofthedasher; and it-consists inmaking the dasher with orifices so inclinedor arrnged within it as to producespiral currents in the cream while thedasher may be in the act of being either lifted upward or forceddownward, In the drawings,A representsan upright tub provided withvacover, B, from the top of which `two posts `or standards, C C, areprojected vertically. These standards pass through a cross header bar,D, which should be soapplied t-o themas to be capable of being moved Thesaid bar D :is slotted lengthwise, as shownat'a, and arranged alongsideof a" circular disk or wheel,

, E, which is affixed at its center to one end of J a horizontal shaft,F, which is `supported by land so as to be capable of revolving freelyin another post, G, erected on the cover B. A`

y crank, H, is aflixed on the outer end of the shaft, and is so arrangedwith respectto a pin or stud, I, (which extends from the face of the iwheel Eend into the slot (1,) as to be about horizontal when suchpin iseither )in its highest orlowest position. 4

also such as to cause the cross-head D to de- The arrangement is scendwhile the crank is being turned inthe lower halfofits circle ofrevolution. From the middleof the cross-head a dasher-rod, K, descends,passes through a hole in the cover, and at its lower end is affixed to`a Wooden disk `or dasher, L. The said dasher is madewith a seriesoflperl'orations, b `b b, which stand radially, although each iscurvedlongitudinally. Each of these perforations is not made at rightangles with the planefaces of the dasher, but is inclined thereto, andeach of such perforal `tions is made somewhat wider at bottom than attop, in order that the cream during the downward stroke of the dashermay more readily pass into and through the opening.

The operation of the churn is as follows: While the crank is beingturned a reciprocating, rectilinear, and vertical motion will beimpartedto `the dasher, and the dasher will be forced downward while the crankis being moved through the lower halt' of the circle of its revolution.This will not only cause the weight or gravitating power of the dasherto assist in effecting its downward stroke, but will lcause the dasherto descend with a smart or quick dash or blow into the cream, andthereby facilitate the churning of it. Furthermore, owing to thearrangement of the perforations of the dasher, spiral currents will beproduced I inthe cream during each ascent as well as during each descentof the dasher. Thus the cream, while the dasher may be working eitherway, will be put more orless-in rotation in a manner which, under theaction of the dasher in other respects, will contribute materiallytowardeffecting the rapid oxygenation of the cream or production of thebutter.

I claim` The dasherv as made with perforations arranged at aninclination to its faces to operate in manner substantially asspecified.

JONATHAN PARKER. Witnesses:

R. H. EDDY, F. P. HALE, Jr.

